The MX record directs email messages to a mail exchange server.
Also
What is a DNS MX record?
The DNS "Mail Exchange" (MX) record directs email to a mail server. The MX record indicates how email messages should be routed according to the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP, which is the standard protocol for all email). Like CNAME records, an MX record must always point to another domain.
For example
MX record:
| example.com | Record type: | Priority: | Value: | TTL |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| @ | MX | 10 | mailhost1.example.com | 45000 |
| @ | MX | 20 | mailhost2.example.com | 45000 |
The “priority” numbers before these MX record domains indicate preference; a lower “priority” value is preferred. The server will always try mailhost1 first because 10 is less than 20. If the message fails to send, the server will default to mailhost2.
Also:
An email service can also configure this MX record so that both servers have equal priority and receive an equal amount of mail:
| example.com | Record type: | Priority: | Value: | TTL |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| @ | MX | 10 | mailhost1.example.com | 45000 |
| @ | MX | 10 | mailhost2.example.com | 45000 |
This configuration enables the email provider to load balance between the two servers equally.
Also:
What is the MX record query process?
The Message Transfer Agent (MTA) software is also responsible for querying MX records. When a user sends an email, the MTA also sends a DNS query to identify the mail servers for the email recipients. The MTA establishes an SMTP connection to these mail servers, starting with the highest-priority domains (in the first example above, mailhost1).
Also:
What is a backup MX record?
A backup MX record is simply an MX record for a mail server with a higher “priority” value (meaning lower priority), so that mail goes to the higher-priority servers under normal circumstances. In the first example above, mailhost2 would be the “backup” server because email traffic would be handled by mailhost1 as long as it is functioning.
Can MX records point to a CNAME?
A CNAME record is used to point to the alias of a domain rather than its actual name.
CNAME records typically point to an A record (in IPv4) or an AAAA record (in IPv6) for that domain. However, MX records must point directly to an A record or AAAA record of the server. Pointing to a CNAME is prohibited by the RFC documents that define how MX records work.
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